Ithaca: City of Asylum: Grant Writing
This guide was created for a 2009 course and has not been updated since.
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One way to find information on a political climate repressive to writers is to run a Subject search on a particular country and check subheadings relating to "Politics" and "Intellectual life":
China--Politics and government--1976-2002
Iran--Politics and government--1997-
Soviet Union--Politics and government--1985-
China--Intellectual life
Iran--Intellectual life--20th century
Soviet Union--Intellectual life
Or search on likely Subject Headings concerned with suppression and dissent and look for any relevant country subheadings:
Civil rights--China
Civil rights--Iran
Civil rights--Soviet Union
Political persecution--Argentina
Political persecution--Soviet Union
Dissenters--China
Dissenters--Soviet Union
Dissident writers are often public figures who write for the press and occasionally make speeches, so you might also consult works concerned with a range of possible respression:
Freedom of speech
Freedom of expression
Freedom of information
Freedom of the press
There are a couple of Subject Headings that seem especially relevant to this topic, but you'll need to ferret out any relevant works:
Politics and literature
Politics and literature--Africa
Politics and literature--China
Politics and literature--Soviet Union
Literature and society
Literature and society--Cuba
Literature and society--Latin America
A search on a particular nationality of authors will retrieve mostly biography, but this could be relevant:
Authors, Nigerian--20th century
Authors, South African--20th century
Much of our holdings under the Subject of "Censorship" will not be directly relevant, and we only have one book on "Censorship in literature" (and that's about Canada!), but this heading may work much better in the databases of articles.
Censorship
Censorship in literature
Censorship--Soviet Union
Finally, try these broad Headings, which may treat the problems of minority cultures and the loss--perhaps supression--of both cultures and languages:
Cultural policy
Language policy
Language attrition
Linguistic minorities
China--Politics and government--1976-2002
Iran--Politics and government--1997-
Soviet Union--Politics and government--1985-
China--Intellectual life
Iran--Intellectual life--20th century
Soviet Union--Intellectual life
Or search on likely Subject Headings concerned with suppression and dissent and look for any relevant country subheadings:
Civil rights--China
Civil rights--Iran
Civil rights--Soviet Union
Political persecution--Argentina
Political persecution--Soviet Union
Dissenters--China
Dissenters--Soviet Union
Dissident writers are often public figures who write for the press and occasionally make speeches, so you might also consult works concerned with a range of possible respression:
Freedom of speech
Freedom of expression
Freedom of information
Freedom of the press
There are a couple of Subject Headings that seem especially relevant to this topic, but you'll need to ferret out any relevant works:
Politics and literature
Politics and literature--Africa
Politics and literature--China
Politics and literature--Soviet Union
Literature and society
Literature and society--Cuba
Literature and society--Latin America
A search on a particular nationality of authors will retrieve mostly biography, but this could be relevant:
Authors, Nigerian--20th century
Authors, South African--20th century
Much of our holdings under the Subject of "Censorship" will not be directly relevant, and we only have one book on "Censorship in literature" (and that's about Canada!), but this heading may work much better in the databases of articles.
Censorship
Censorship in literature
Censorship--Soviet Union
Finally, try these broad Headings, which may treat the problems of minority cultures and the loss--perhaps supression--of both cultures and languages:
Cultural policy
Language policy
Language attrition
Linguistic minorities
General OneFile :
Our most user friendly database for this topic. You can search any national category of writer as a Subject: "Chinese Writers," "Iranian Writers," etc. Then open the "subdivisions" and look especially at the articles under "Censorship," "Civil Rights," "Political Activity," and "Political Aspects." And be sure to click on the "Academic Journals" tab for the most substantive articles.
For more general articles on this topic, search "Writers" as your Subject and again pay special attnetion to the subheadings "Censorship," "Civil Rights," "Political Activity," and "Political Aspects."
Finally, run searches on "Censorship" or "Cultural Policy" or "Language Policy" as Subjects, then open the "Subdivisions," then at the top of the list notice the "Display: Topics" window. "Topics" is the default setting but if you open the menu you'll find "Locations." By choosing "Locations" you'll open a global list of countries, so that you can target, for example, Censorship in China, or Cultural Policy in Iran, or Language Policy in Russia.
ProQuest Research Library :
Click "Continue" on the opening screen and at the search screen open the "More Sarch Options" tab on the lower left. One approach for the general topic of literary censorship is in the Subject slot to enter: (Authors or Writers) and Censorship. And in looking at your results be sure to target the "Scholarly Journals" tab. You can use the same Subject search but add a country name in the Location search slot. But if you do this also try loosening up the search a bit by just searching the Subject Censorship in combination with your Location.
LexisNexis Academic :
This is our best database for 100% full text international and national newspaper articles. Don't settle for the default General "Easy Search" but instead click the "News" tab. Change the default "Anywhere in article" search to the "In Headline & Lead Paragraph" option for better focus. And notice that the default "Sources" setting is "US Newspapers & Wires," whereas for this topic you may want to select "Major World Publications" or "Non-US Newspapers & Wires." Also note that the default date setting is "3 months" but that you can expand this up to 10 years. And finally be aware that when you retrieve a set of articles you can still add extra search terms in the "Search within results" slot on the upper right.
LexisNexis only offers Keyword searching, so you may want to use the truncation symbol: ! For example, searching censor! will retrieve censor, censored, censoring, and censorship.
Project Muse :
I'm including this database of 100% full text scholarly literature from the last 8-10 years because it is the only one of ours that offers Library of Congress Subject searching. This means that any of the Subject Headings from the IC Library catalog--listed above-- will (in theory) work here. But since scholarly journals contain lots of book reviews, I recommend setting the "Articles" limit below the search slots so that any articles don't get buried in book reviews.
Want More? Take a look at my top 21 database recommendations in Desert Island Databases. Or open the Library's drop-down menu of "Research Guides," each of which begins with database recommendations.
Our most user friendly database for this topic. You can search any national category of writer as a Subject: "Chinese Writers," "Iranian Writers," etc. Then open the "subdivisions" and look especially at the articles under "Censorship," "Civil Rights," "Political Activity," and "Political Aspects." And be sure to click on the "Academic Journals" tab for the most substantive articles.
For more general articles on this topic, search "Writers" as your Subject and again pay special attnetion to the subheadings "Censorship," "Civil Rights," "Political Activity," and "Political Aspects."
Finally, run searches on "Censorship" or "Cultural Policy" or "Language Policy" as Subjects, then open the "Subdivisions," then at the top of the list notice the "Display: Topics" window. "Topics" is the default setting but if you open the menu you'll find "Locations." By choosing "Locations" you'll open a global list of countries, so that you can target, for example, Censorship in China, or Cultural Policy in Iran, or Language Policy in Russia.
ProQuest Research Library :
Click "Continue" on the opening screen and at the search screen open the "More Sarch Options" tab on the lower left. One approach for the general topic of literary censorship is in the Subject slot to enter: (Authors or Writers) and Censorship. And in looking at your results be sure to target the "Scholarly Journals" tab. You can use the same Subject search but add a country name in the Location search slot. But if you do this also try loosening up the search a bit by just searching the Subject Censorship in combination with your Location.
LexisNexis Academic :
This is our best database for 100% full text international and national newspaper articles. Don't settle for the default General "Easy Search" but instead click the "News" tab. Change the default "Anywhere in article" search to the "In Headline & Lead Paragraph" option for better focus. And notice that the default "Sources" setting is "US Newspapers & Wires," whereas for this topic you may want to select "Major World Publications" or "Non-US Newspapers & Wires." Also note that the default date setting is "3 months" but that you can expand this up to 10 years. And finally be aware that when you retrieve a set of articles you can still add extra search terms in the "Search within results" slot on the upper right.
LexisNexis only offers Keyword searching, so you may want to use the truncation symbol: ! For example, searching censor! will retrieve censor, censored, censoring, and censorship.
Project Muse :
I'm including this database of 100% full text scholarly literature from the last 8-10 years because it is the only one of ours that offers Library of Congress Subject searching. This means that any of the Subject Headings from the IC Library catalog--listed above-- will (in theory) work here. But since scholarly journals contain lots of book reviews, I recommend setting the "Articles" limit below the search slots so that any articles don't get buried in book reviews.
Want More? Take a look at my top 21 database recommendations in Desert Island Databases. Or open the Library's drop-down menu of "Research Guides," each of which begins with database recommendations.
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Most of the IC Libary databases listed above contain only some full text. If the article you want is not availabe full text from the database you are searching, check below the citation for one of the images above. This is ArticleLinker and if available it will search a wide range of other IC Library databases, retrieving links to any full text it finds.
Index on Censorship: One of the leading organizations promoting free expression and reporting globally on its suppression.
International Pen: Check out the "Latest News" on the right and search the "News Archive" on the lower left.
Beacon for Freedom of Expression: The "Links" section is perhaps the best single gateway to Web resources on free expression and its suppression.
International Freedom of Expression Exchange: Journalists are the primary focus here, but the information is relevant to the treatment of all writers.
Human Rights Watch: Reports: Under "Issue" choose "Free Expression" and search all or target a particular "Country ."
Article 19: A "global campaigne for free expression." There is a wealth of information in the Library.
International Pen: Check out the "Latest News" on the right and search the "News Archive" on the lower left.
Beacon for Freedom of Expression: The "Links" section is perhaps the best single gateway to Web resources on free expression and its suppression.
International Freedom of Expression Exchange: Journalists are the primary focus here, but the information is relevant to the treatment of all writers.
Human Rights Watch: Reports: Under "Issue" choose "Free Expression" and search all or target a particular "Country ."
Article 19: A "global campaigne for free expression." There is a wealth of information in the Library.
Noodlebib guides you through the required data entry for citation in the MLA, APA, and Chicago/Turabian styles. It takes care of punctuation, alphabetization and formatting, producing a polished source list for import into Word.
- MLA citation for books: in print, from databases, on the Web
- MLA citation for articles: in print, from databases, on the Web.
- MLA citation for Web and Multimedia resources, including Web sites, movies, DVDs, CDs, and videos.
- MLA in-text (parenthetical) citation (far less satanic than the first three).
